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Background
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Endothelial cell differentiation gene-2 (EDG-2) receptor is a high affinity receptor for lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). EDG-2, also known as lysophospholipid receptor A1, Vzg-1, mrec1.3 or GPCR26, like all other EDG receptors, couple multiple (3 or more) types of G proteins and transduce decreases in c[AMP]i through Gi and increases in [Ca2+]i by augmenting phospholipase C through Gq/11 and beta/gamma dimers and by induction of PI3 kinase, p125 FAK, phospholipase D by activating rho through G12/13. Human EDG-2 is present in high levels on oligodendrocytes and certain human malignant T cell lines. EDG-2 receptors (with EDG-4) may play a role in protecting cardiomyocytes from apoptosis induced by hypoxia and andrenergic stimulation.
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